Author: Ronald Watkins

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A well-writted and well-researched narrative of one of the great events in Porytuguese history that changed forever the spice trade from India with devastating effects to the Arabian and Venetian markets. This was the founding of the Portuguese Empire that was the first true world empire. Da Gama's voyage around the Cape of Good Hope in Africa to India was a voyage that took nine months and covered over 13,000 miles mostly against the wind. Columbus' voyage in comparison covered,2,600 miles, lasted 36 days, and was pushed along by a fair westward wind. London England, 2003 John Murray Publishers 1st Ed., 336 Pgs. 5 x 8, PB.

Author: Richard L. Kagan

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This book examines the particular importance of cities in Spanish and Hispanic-American culture. Focusing on the cities and towns in South America including Mexico City, Lima, and Potosí, the author investigates the different ways in which artists, map-makers, surveyors, and military engineers represented a city in all its complexity and the different meanings that were invested in their depiction of New and Old World cities and towns. Lavishly illustrated with a variety of maps, paintings, and plans many reproduced here for the first time.New Haven, CT, 2000 Yale University Press 1st ED., 235 Pgs., 8&3/4 x 11&1/2, HB. Published at $ 60.00.